Affected by climate change and air pollution, it has now entered a period of high incidence of respiratory diseases in children, and the symptoms of cough and wheezing caused by respiratory tract infections in children have increased significantly. Because atomization inhalation therapy can directly act on the airway mucosa, it has obvious antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, phlegm-removing and other effects, and has a wide range of indications, short treatment time, quick effect, and small side effects, so it has become the most commonly used in children with respiratory diseases. one of the treatments. However, many parents do not know about the atomization treatment of children at home, let alone how to carry it out in the family.
Carrying out aerosol inhalation therapy at home can improve the timeliness and convenience of drug administration and the comfort of children, and reduce the possibility of cross-infection of children in hospitals. So, how to achieve the scientific management of home aerosol inhalation treatment to ensure the overall efficacy of the treatment?
First, the indications for home aerosol inhalation should be clarified.
Home atomization treatment has a wide range of indications and is suitable for all age groups. It is most commonly used for long-term maintenance treatment of bronchial asthma in children. It can also be used for the treatment of post-infection cough, bronchiolitis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, asthmatic bronchopneumonia, etc. Some chronic lung diseases also have obvious curative effect.
Second, it is important to choose the right nebulizer inhalation device.
At present, the nebulizers suitable for household use mainly include compressed air nebulizers and ultrasonic nebulizers. When choosing a nebulizer, priority should be given to nebulizers with small atomized particles, low noise, small drug residues, fast fogging efficiency, and small volume. The atomized particles output by the nebulizer are required to be below 5 μm to ensure that the drug can reach the lower respiratory tract. In addition, many parents struggle to know whether to use an oral or mask nebulizer. In fact, the choice can be made according to the age of the child. Infants and young children mostly choose mask-type nebulizers, and a few children with sucking habits can choose oral nebulizers. Children over 5 years old should choose the oral nebulizer. If the child does not cooperate and has allergic rhinitis or adenoid hypertrophy, the mask nebulizer can be selected.
In addition, the most important part of home atomization is to do a good job in the process management of atomization inhalation operation.
Posture: During treatment, it is better to take a sitting or semi-recumbent position, and avoid a supine position. Infants can properly elevate their head to facilitate the deposition of drugs in the terminal bronchioles.
Timing: The choice of nebulization should be carried out 30 minutes before the child eats, 1 hour after eating, or when the cough and asthma are obvious. Clean oral secretions and food residues before atomization to ensure the smooth entry of the liquid medicine. For uncooperative infants and young children, you can choose to mist treatment during sleep.
Dosage: 3ml to 4ml is appropriate for each atomization. When the drug is insufficient, normal saline can be added.
Breathing: During treatment, calm breathing or intermittent deep inhalation is better. When using the mask-type nebulizer, the child can be guided to inhale deeply through the nose and exhale through the mouth to make the medicine more deeply. When the crying is obvious, the inhalation is short, which affects the effect of atomization. The atomization inhalation can be suspended, and the treatment can be continued after calm.
Treatment time: The general atomization time is 10 minutes to 15 minutes. If the patient does not cooperate, the nebulization time can be appropriately shortened.
Disease observation: During the nebulization process, the child's complexion, breathing and attitude should be closely observed. If the child appears pale or bruised, abnormally restless, etc., the nebulization should be stopped immediately, and medical treatment should be sought if necessary.
Cleaning and disinfection: After the atomization, rinse the mask or mouth with clean water each time, dry it for later use, and use medical disinfectant to soak and disinfect it once a week.
Management after nebulization: Wash the face of the child in time to avoid residual liquid and irritate the skin. Older children should rinse their mouths, and infants and young children should drink water appropriately to avoid residual liquid in the mouth. The atomizer should be atomized with clean water regularly to check whether the performance of the atomizer is good.
In addition, parents must follow the doctor's prescription for medication, and should not self-medicate. Use the nebulizer correctly according to the instructions, and carefully check the expiration date of the drug before using it to avoid the expiration phenomenon caused by the drug being placed for too long.
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