What is the type of whisky pot stills? Many people do not know this. Now let's get to know it together.
The characteristics of whisky pot stills
A complete whisky pot stills is mainly composed of degassing system, feeding system, molecular still, distillate collection system, heating system, cooling system, vacuum system and control system. The technological process is shown in Figure 2. The purpose of degassing is to remove volatile components dissolved in the material to avoid boiling during distillation. Vacuum system is the premise of molecular distillation process. Suitable vacuum equipment and strictly sealed molecular distillation unit are the key points of this technology. A liquid nitrogen cold trap is provided to protect the vacuum pump.
According to the formation of evaporative liquid film, molecular still can be divided into:
Falling film molecular still, scraping film molecular still and centrifugal molecular still are gradually phased out due to the poor heat and mass transfer efficiency of falling film molecular still, instead of scraping film or centrifugal molecular still. Because centrifugal force can strengthen film formation, material retention time is short, liquid film is thin and even, mass transfer resistance is reduced, and most heating and cooling is built in. Therefore, the separation efficiency and production capacity of centrifugal molecular still are high, but its structure is complex, the relative investment is large, and the rotor scraping film structure is relatively simple, the operating parameters are easy to control, the price is relatively high. Low. As a result, most laboratories and industrial production now use such equipment.
Principles of still design
Molecular still is the core of the whole equipment, which embodies the key of molecular distillation technology. The design shall meet the following conditions:
(1) High vacuum: the partial pressure of the residual gas must be very low to ensure that the evaporated molecules do not collide with other molecules in the evaporation space as far as possible;
(2) The distance between the condensing surface and the evaporating surface is less than the mean free path of evaporating molecules;
(3) In order to prevent reverse evaporation (reevaporation of condensed molecules), the temperature difference between the evaporation surface and the condensing surface should be at least 50 ~ 100℃;
④ The distilled material should be able to form a film of uniform thickness on the evaporation surface to improve the evaporation efficiency. That is, heat as evenly as possible, because the decomposition of materials caused by local overheating will significantly reduce the vacuum degree, resulting in evaporation pause;
(5) In molecular distillation, only the liquid level is related to evaporation, so new liquid levels should constantly appear on the evaporation surface.
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