Flood management refers to the general term for a series of activities in which people rationally coordinate the relationship between people and floods, take appropriate risks, standardize flood control behaviors, and rationally utilize flood resources to meet the needs of sustainable economic and social development.
According to the new ideas of water control of the Ministry of Water Resources, two changes should be realized in the field of flood control and drought relief: insisting on both flood control and drought relief, and realizing the transformation from flood control to flood management; from single drought relief to comprehensive drought relief, so as to provide comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable economic and social development. development is guaranteed.
Great achievement in flood control
At present, the flood disasters evaluated on the whole are: first, the economic loss is relatively heavy; second, the impact on the economy and society is relatively large; third, the development trend is still increasing.
Flood control refers to changing the natural conditions of floods mainly through engineering measures according to people's wishes, and regulating the relevant elements of floods, so as to achieve the purpose of flood control and disaster reduction. From the perspective of the relationship between people and water, flood control has generally gone through two historical stages: one is the stage in which people adapt to water; the other is the stage in which water is required to adapt to people. On the whole, it is still in the second stage of flood control. Relying on engineering to control floods is still the main means of flood control, such as the application of metal flood control baffles, pumps and other flood control emergency equipment to prevent floods from invading the building space, so as to maximize the safety of people's lives and properties is still the main goal of flood control. Under the guidance of this goal, we have successfully resisted many major floods since the founding of New China, and achieved great achievements that have attracted worldwide attention.
Flood management is a course choice
With the development of economy and society, some problems have been exposed during the implementation of this flood control strategy. It is mainly manifested in insufficient estimation of the negative impacts of various flood control projects such as dykes, reservoirs, and flood storage and detention areas, focusing on regional interests and ignoring the impact on the river basin, focusing on single performance but ignoring multiple impacts, focusing on short-term flood control safety and ignoring long-term economic impacts. , social and ecological impacts. The transition from flood control to flood management is the natural choice for flood control work to progress to the present.
Flood management refers to the general term for a series of activities in which people rationally coordinate the relationship between people and floods, take appropriate risks, standardize flood control behaviors, and rationally utilize flood resources to meet the needs of sustainable economic and social development. Its goals are two: one is to gradually solve the inherent problems brought about by flood control and reduce its various negative impacts. The second is to meet the needs of national economic development, social progress and ecological security to a greater extent. Follow the principle of ensuring development and provide a reliable system. The essence of its connotation is: moderate risk-taking; regulating human activities; making efforts to promote flood resources.
The practice of fighting against the flood of the Huaihe River fully reflects the concept of flood management: regulating various reservoirs, dykes and flood storage and detention areas, moderately taking risks, and embodying the concept of risk management; more than 1 million people were transferred to avoid floods in Anhui Province alone After the flood season, the population layout of the flood storage and detention area was vigorously adjusted, reflecting the concept of standardizing people's behavior; in the later period, a part of the flood was blocked, and attention was paid to the problem of flood resource utilization. Successful practice has proved that it is a correct idea and has an important guiding role for flood control work in the future.
Six ways to achieve change
There are six main ways to realize the transition from flood control to flood management: First, take appropriate risks and establish a flood control engineering system with reasonable standards and appropriate functions. The second is to establish a comprehensive utilization system of flood resources according to local conditions under the premise of controlling risks. The third is to rely on laws and regulations to scientifically prevent and control floods, actively avoid risks, and achieve greater overall flood control benefits. The fourth is to strengthen the construction of the social security system and steadily improve the management level of the society. The fifth is to widely mobilize education to improve public participation awareness and adaptability. Sixth, steadily improve the level of flood control technology, and strive to modernize flood control work.
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