Laser cutting process replaces the traditional mechanical knife with invisible beam. It has the characteristics of high precision, fast cutting, not limited to cutting pattern, automatic typesetting to save materials, smooth incision, low processing cost, etc. It will be gradually improved or replaced in Traditional metal cutting process equipment. What materials can a large-format metal laser cutting machine cut?
The laser cutting machine is to focus the laser emitted from the laser into a high power density laser beam through the optical path system. The laser beam is irradiated on the surface of the workpiece, making the workpiece reach the melting point or boiling point, while the high-pressure gas coaxial with the beam blows the molten or vaporized metal away. With the movement of the relative position of the beam and the workpiece, the material is finally formed into a slit, so as to achieve the purpose of cutting.
During the cutting process of the laser cutting machine, the beam is focused into a small focal point by the lens of the cutting head, so that a high power density can be achieved at the focus, and the cutting head is fixed on the z-axis. At this time, the heat input by the beam far exceeds the part of the heat reflected, conducted or diffused by the material, and the material is quickly heated to the melting and vaporizing temperature. At the same time, a high-speed air flow from the coaxial or non-coaxial side will melt And the vaporized material is blown out, forming a hole for material cutting. With the relative movement of the focus and the material, the hole forms a continuous slit with a narrow width to complete the cutting of the material.
Large Format Metal Laser Cutting Machine for Cutting Materials
1. Titanium and alloys
Pure titanium can be well coupled to the heat energy converted by the focused laser beam. When oxygen is used as the auxiliary gas, the chemical reaction is intense and the cutting speed is fast, but it is easy to form an oxide layer on the cutting edge, which may cause overburning if not careful. For the sake of safety, it is better to use air as the auxiliary gas to ensure the cutting quality. For example, the laser cutting quality of titanium alloy commonly used in the aircraft industry is good. Although there will be a little sticky slag at the bottom of the cutting seam, it is easy to clean.
2. Nickel alloy
Nickel-based alloys are also called super alloys, and there are many varieties. Most of them can perform oxidative fusion cutting.
3. Carbon steel, stainless steel
Modern laser cutting machines can cut carbon steel plates with a maximum thickness of up to 20MM. The cutting seam of carbon steel can be controlled within a satisfactory width range by using the oxidation melting cutting mechanism. For thin plates, the cutting seam can be as narrow as about 0.1MM. Laser cutting is an effective tool for manufacturing that utilizes stainless steel sheets as primary components. Under the strict control of the heat input in the laser cutting process, the heat-affected zone of the cutting edge can be limited to become very small, thereby effectively maintaining the good corrosion resistance of such materials.
4. Alloy steel
Most alloy structural steels and alloy tool steels can be laser cut with good edge quality. Even for some high-strength materials, as long as the process parameters are properly controlled, straight, slag-free trimming can be obtained. However, for high-speed tool steel and hot die steel containing tungsten, there will be erosion and slag sticking during laser cutting.
5. Aluminum and alloys, copper and alloys
Aluminum cutting is a fusion laser cutting mechanism, and the auxiliary gas used is mainly used to blow away the molten product from the cutting area, and usually a better cutting surface quality can be obtained. For some aluminum alloys, attention should be paid to preventing the generation of intergranular micro-cracks on the surface of the slit. Pure copper (red copper) basically cannot be cut with a CO2 laser beam due to its high reflectivity. Brass (copper alloy) uses higher laser power and air or oxygen as the auxiliary gas to cut thinner sheets.
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